Review A Video on YouTube Entitled "Cara Bertahan Hidup di Amerika" by Sasha Marissa

Hello everyone!!

In this post, I would like to review a video from YouTube

The video is very interesting, which is telling how we can survive in America!! For readers who want to live in America, you guys must watch this video^^. I will review a video based on the sociolinguistics courses I have learned.

Before I review the video, I will introduce the owner of the youtube channel named SASHA MARISSA. Sasha is an Indonesian who lives in Texas, USA. The vlog on her YouTube channel contains a lot of things she had experienced during her high school education in America. Besides that, for those of you who want to know American slang, you can visit her YouTube channel.

Well, without any further due, let’s jump into the main discussion!!^^

The Title of The Video: Cara Bertahan Hidup di Amerika

Youtube Channel: Sasha Marissa

Date Published: May 2, 2019

Brief Description of The Video: This video is the way how you can survive in the American version of Sasha Marissa. In this video, she hopes that viewers can learn and be better prepared if you have the chance to live in America. According to Sasha, many Indonesians in America still do not know how to live in America and eventually, these people live with the way when they live in Indonesia, which is certainly very different.

Link Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=px2yIrQUXfA

In this video, Sasha often uses code-mixing and diglossia. What is code-mixing? What is diglossia? Code Mixing is mixing of mostly words, but also phrases, clauses or even complete sentences of two languages or varieties. Diglossia describes a particular type of sociolinguistic situation in which there is a clear differentiation in function between the languages or language varieties used in a bilingual/multilingual community. In addition to the community's everyday or vernacular language variety (labeled "L" or "low" variety), a second, highly codified lect (labeled "H" or "high").

I would give you some example words, phrases, or even clauses from the video which indicated code mixing.

• Hey guys, wie geht’s, apa kabar, how are you, hari ini gue pengen ngomongin tentang tips cara bertahan hidup di Amerika serikat or USA. So without further due, daripada kelamaan intro nya dan sebelum video ini dimulai, I will appreciate it kalo lu like dan subscribe this channel.
• So, what you gonna do, lu cari dimana KJRI nya karena setiap state punya KJRI.
• Dan kalo lu mau tau dokumen apa lagi yang dibutuhkan, you can ask me to Instagram.
• Dimana pun lu berada lu harus punya temen yang berbangsa dan berbahasa Indonesia karena whatever you do, whatever you go, mereka yang akan menolong lu pertama kali.
• Gue anjurin kalian join club and activities
• Kebanyakan orang Indonesia tend to temenan sama orang Indonesia lagi, which is bagus, tapi gak mau sama ras lain that is bad juga.
• Jadi, contohnya kalo lu join club or activities, akan otomatis kalian punya temen baru, ras baru, dan kalian bisa belajar culture dan diversity baru.
• If you 21 upper or you know what I mean 21 ke atas dan lu minum-minum, kalo lu bukan citizen jangan sampai mencari masalah dengan law atau hukum.
• Etc

Actually, Sasha uses a lot of code-mixing. So, if you are curious about it, just click the link of the video that I've been put on my blog.

Have you understood about the terms of diglossia? So, the most discussion in this video refers to low or informal diglossia. I will give you an example from the video.

• Kalo lu di isengin di sekolah, lu bisa bertindak langsung ke kepala sekolah.

✔In Indonesia, “anda” is High and “Lu” is low diglossia. It is more polite to use “kamu” for friends and “anda” if you talk with older people.

✔“di isengin” in here means “Bully”. “iseng” indicate Low diglossia. You can use “di gangu” to more polite.

Well, that’s my review video based on the sociolinguistics courses I have learned. I think you must have experienced code-mixing and by using different diglossia when talking. We live in multilingual communities, which means that we can use more than one language when we communicate with others. The conclusion from me is choosing a code or language which is appropriate with participants, topic and location. Never give up to learn language from different countries. Don’t forget to watch the video because it is easy to understand.
If there any correction and an error that I make in this post, comments in the comments column below.
Thank you!!
and

See you later!!

Fool For Love by Endang Eka Wati

Name : Endang Eka Wati
Class : 2F
NPM : 1810631060041

“FOOL FOR LOVE”

“Awwww !!!" groaned a girl whining in pain because the staples to stick her thumb.The clock showed 4 o'clock in the morning. Already in the evening Lira struggled with her busy. According to her, it was very important. A series of words in a book that he modified into his memory book along with a man, very soon will be finished. A photo of happiness with someone, she arranged as unique as possible in the book. Today, exactly February 3th is the day Rendy gets older. At 00.00 Lira still had the chance to wish Rendy a ”happy birthday” while interrupting her busy.
Lira fall asleep on the floor which was still full of cardboard cutouts, duct tape, glue.

  "Drrrtt…drrrttt...” a thud of the cellphone at Lira's desk waking her.
"What ?! It's 8 o'clock! I have to take a quick shower for meet with a painting seller! "
Shortly afterwards Lira's cellphone rang, and she had guessed that it was the painting seller. "Yes, I'm going to go there bro, just send the location."
"Hah? Hello? This is your mom, why is it called bro? "
"Ooh Mom...why Mom?"Said Lira with a shy face.
"I will go home at night..Mrs. Ratna  give me a lot of clothes to sew, then I have to finish today. Earlier I wanted to say directly to you but you are still sleeping. So I immediately goes to work. Sorry, I didn't say goodbye to you. "
"Ooh yes, Mom ... take your time, keep spirit Mom! Be carefull when you sewing!"
"Yes my lovely, I have already worked. Bye! "
"OK Mom!"

"I’am sorry miss, I have waited 10 minutes at the location, I called you but your line is busy. I have sent the address. You must as soon as possible to come here! "The seller texted Lira

"Wow! I must take the painting”
Lira rushes to shower as fast as lightning and ignores the message of  the seller.With a speed of 120 km / h Lira rides his motorbike to his destination for meet the seller.
"Thank you, bro. Lucky me! As expected!”
"Yes, Ms. is the same with photo which you sent. By the way, is that your boyfrined? "
"That's how it is"
"Your chick so pinky”.
“I feel so embrassed,by the way”.
“Hahaha you’re so cute!I will send the softfile via e-mail".
"Ok! I'll send my email address later ".

  The sky slowly get cloudy.Lira's motorbike which was dry,now it’s getting wet.But,Lira was still on her way to the house. Fortunately the painting of Rendy's face is wrapped in plastic that won't make it wet. Lira came home with wet clothes.
" Hello honey ... I'll go there later. Be patience, I still have business. "Said a middle-aged man to a woman who was on the phone.
"That must be Dad's girlfriend. God ... poor Mom".If he finally have to leave us, who else will help our family's economy?" Lira whined in her heart which made her feel sad.
Lira had known for a long time that Daddy was related to a woman other than her mother. Yes, the woman is young. Younger than Mom. Lira had tried to beg Dad to not to go into the woman's arms, even she kneeled at its Dad’s feet. But Dad ignored her.
"I have tired to always reminding you! Now it's up to you if you want to go to the her house!"
Suddenly Lira kicked off the table right in front of her father.
"This is my business, not your business!" Dad immediately to go outside and took his car.

2 months ago Dad had never provided for his family. Finally, Mom initiative to find a job and now she has worked at Mrs Ratna's sewing place. Lira had asked to work, but Mom very forbade her. She want Lira keep focus on her college.
Tears flowed from her eyes when she saw Dad leave. But she immediately remembered that she had to give a gift to Rendy.
"I can't cry anymore. My eyes will puffy later, I have to look beautiful in front of Rendy".Lira tried to strengthen herself.
Wearing the simple clothes.Lira confidently go to the Randy's class.
Lecturers and students have left the class.
"Rendy,come here!"
"Lira ... what's wrong? Why are you in here? Let's we go out from here”
"I have something for you”.
“What?”It seems better if you give this to the campus park"
“Ouhh okey no problem”.
Beautiful garden with lots of trees and flowers that grow so that it makes the air fresh. This atmosphere is similar to Lira's heart. Cheerful, calm, happy while being with Rendy.
"I'm curious about what you hold."
"Happy birthday Rendy" A sincere smile came out of Lira's sweet face when she gave the gift to Rendy.
"Thank you. Can I opening now?"
"Hmmm, maybe it is"
"Okey.Wow! This book made by yourself?"
Lira nodded her head
“How beautiful it is!”
“Are you happy?”
“Yes, of course!”
“And this painting for you”
“Wow! I will display it in my room. Thank you very much Lira”
“It’s my pleasure”
“Wait, your eyes look puffy. Are you crying?”
Lira was just silent and did not answer rendy's question
“I've seen you like this many times. I think you are too whiny. I told you,stop being oversensitive! Hufftt..okey I had class now. Bring this and go home”
“Why don’t you take this to class?”
“No. It will embarrasse me”
Rendy went to class while lira is still sitting on a park bench
“Actually I really want to tell Rendy about my family. But, maybe it’s not the time”.
Lira go home with the frowning face.

At night, suddenly someone knocked the door very hard. Mom was cooking immediately open the door.
“Arga, what are you doing?” Mom saw a man lying in front of the door because of drunkenness.
“I’m just want to go bed”With a pity, Mom carried him to the bedroom.
Arga is the Lira’s brother.He has become unemployed. He often associates with people who often gamble, get drunk, and even drug addicts. And now, arga have become part of them. He has been job-hopping several times, and choosed to resign with reasons for being bored by his job. He often receives physical abuse from Dad, because he has not found permanent employement until now. It is made him very depressed and changes his attitude.
“Mom, I have to go to Yogyakarta because my faculty will doing the inauguration. I must pay Rp.500.000, and i have Rp.200.000. May I ask for the rest to pay it off?”
“Of course honey.. incidentally Mom has received a salary. I will give you Rp.200.000 to pay it off. And this is for you, if you want to buy something there, use this money. Okay!”
“Thanks Mom!”Lira hugs Mom.
Mom who always meet needs of Lira’s college. Not Dad anymore.
“Hey, you must go to campus now, Lira”
“But I want to keep hugging you, Mom”
*Mom hugged lira tightly*
“Don’t worry Mom. We are a strong woman, we can deal with it”
“You are my power”.
“The technical meeting for inauguration will begin soon. For all student, please gather in the hall”
At the same time, the speaker announced the winner of Writing Competition
“On this occasion, I will announce the winner of the Writing Competition. and the winner is......LIRA MAHARDIKA!”
“Really? I never expected that!”
“Give applause for Lira”
“Thank you..”
Her sweet face smiled happily
“Congrats Lira”
“Oh Rendy,thank you”
“Because you won it, you have to buy me some food”
“Hmm..Okey! We can go after me have done the inauguration”
“I’ll be waiting for fooood..”
Lira agreed to Rendy's request. because according to her, all this time rendy has done good to her.
The trip from Jakarta to Yogyakarta spent time about 16 hour. Along the way, Lira thinks about something.
“When I was there, I would not buy anything so I can keep my money”
Bus was stoped in front of Panandaran's Hotel at Yogyakarta.
“For all student, please search for your room”.
Lira’s roomate is Jessica and Windy.
“Lira, I will go out with Windy for shopping. Do you wanna join with us?”
“Oh no,thanks. I will stay here for rest”
“Okay no problem”.
“Actually I really want to go with them, but I have to keep my money for Rendy. Certainly,he want to eat in a fancy restaurant. And only this money which I have. It’s okay, if that will be makes Rendy happy”. Lira self talking
The hotel is look like uninhabited because all students went to shop at malioboro. Wearing pink jacket, Lira went to buy food.
“Mr, I want one fried rice and take away”
“Ready Miss!”
Just only fried rice that accompany Lira at that night. While her friends eat good food out there.
-Last day of inauguration-
“Maybe I should buy some clothes for Rendy and Mom in Yogya.I want to quickly meet Rendy to chat and laugh with him”.
“Mom..I’m home!”
A very loud slap sound came out the door of the house.
“DON’T DISTURB ME!YOU ARE A BAD WIFE! I WOULDN'T WANT TO HAVE A UGLY WIFE LIKE YOU! LOOK YOUR WRINKLE SKIN! ”
Mom was fell to the floor only crying.
“DAD! JUST GO TO HER HOUSE AND DONT HIT MY MOM! Mom has done everything for you. Remember Dad! She who always gives tea that you don't drink but you throw, she is the woman who accompany you patiently when you are sick, she always donates blood for you!”
“I don’t care!” Dad left them
At the same time, Arga came with drunk as usual.
“Where is that stupid man going? Why are you crying guys..”
“You have to stop getting drunk, Arga! Look our Mom! You must protect her!”
“Arga.. I will make sweet tea warm for you”
“Stop Mom! How long you will pamper him!”
“But Arga it’s my son. I love him very much. No matter how he is now, he still my son”
Mom hugs Lira and Arga so tightly
With simple makeup, Lira meets rendy that waiting for her in the living room.
“I will go to lunch with Lira, Mom”
“Okay Rendy, take care my lovely daughter”
As always, Rendy and Lira doing a carpool on their way to the restaurant
“I don’t like your clothes, it’s very old. You have to see my friends who wears trendy clothes”
“I’am sorry.. But I loved my clothes. This is my style. Am I embarrassing you when walking with you?”
“Maybe yes”
Lira's cheerful face turned into gloomy.
Suddenly, Rendy stopped his car. His hand will unbutton Lira's shirt. Devil whispered him to harassment to Lira. But Lira can dodge his hand.
“Come on Lira”
“No!”
Rendy continues to compel Lira
“You better just look for another woman!”
“Get out of my car!”
“I’am not expecting you will be like this, Rendy. I hope you are the man who will take care of me, listen to all my stories. but it wasn't. You never know what I feel, you never want to listen to my problem. I don't have a good male figure. my father cheated, my brother was a drug addict. and now, you! I believe in you. I can no longer keep up with you. you are too fancy. I bought expensive food for you, bought the best clothes, so you said”you’re beautiful”., but it turns out you never saw it. You never see what I stand for you.  I'd better leave you, BYE!” Lira go out of Rendy’s car
“I can no longer live with you! Go with that woman! Lira, Arga and I will leave this house. I was tired of that hit, I was tired of your done which kept ignoring me. I’am out, BYE!” Mom brought their clothes and left house.

-THE END-

Improving Students’ Pronunciation through Communicative Drilling Technique (Finding, Discussion, and Conclusion)

Assalamualaikum wr.wb

Hi friends!!
In this post, I would like to discuss the journal's Finding, Discussion, and Conclusion.

1. Finding

In the "Finding" section, the researcher divided the section into three cycles, namely cycle I, cycle II, cycle III.
a. Cycle I

Students’ Pronunciation Score in Cycle I

Base on the evaluation and reflection. researcher and collaborator conclude that there is an improvement in students' pronunciation. However, the researcher feels that it is important to increase students' pronunciation because the indicator of success has not been reached yet because some of the students are still lack of motivation, lack of practice. and they are not active enough. therefore, researcher and collaborator need to do the action again. 

b. Cycle II

Students’ Pronunciation Score in Cycle II

From the data above, the researcher feels that the indicator of success has not been reached yet because there are some problems in pronunciation teaching activity. That is why the researcher and collaborator think that it is important to overcome the problem in order indicator can be reached. Therefore, it is needed to do the next cycle.

c. Cycle III

Students’ Pronunciation Score in Cycle II

From the figure above, the researcher and collaborator conclude that the indicator of the teacher in learning has been reached. Therefore, the researcher decides to stop the action.

2. Discussion 

There are many problems that are faced by EFL learners when they studying English. One of the most common problems is difficulties that happen during pronunciation teaching and learning process. Most of them feel difficult when they pronounce English words. It is caused by many factors. The factor can be age factor, phonetic ability, lack of practice, motivation, personality or attitude, and mother tongue. The factors make students are not interested when they learn pronunciation in the classroom. Consequently, EFL learners at Senior High School 07 are not good pronunciation. That is why it is very important to overcome the problems by applying drilling technique. Drilling technique is one of the ways that used in teaching English pronunciation that refers to the behaviorist approach where the students are suggested to be familiar or used to the target language that they learn. In this technique, the students are emphasized to do more practices (adapted from Rodger and Richards: 1986: 142). By applying this technique EFL learners are used to pronounce words accurately and enjoyable.

3. Conclusion
The technique is one of important things that must be applied during teaching and learning process in order the purpose of teaching can be reached. One of the technique can be applied in teaching English pronunciation is  drilling because by applying the technique pronunciation teaching can be more effective, and it is able to improve students’ pronunciation achievement.

Improving Students’ Pronunciation through Communicative Drilling Technique (The Comparison and Review)

Assalamualaikum Wr.Wb

Holaaa!! I'm back again with a new journal. My new journal still about pronunciation.

In new journal is research from Riswanto form State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Bengkulu, Indonesia and Endang Haryanto form State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Bengkulu, Indonesia with the title "Improving Students’ Pronunciation through Communicative Drilling Technique at Senior High School (SMA) 07 South Bengkulu, Indonesia". In this new journal what is discussed in the journal will not be much different from the first journal. The title from the first journal is research from Dyah Indri Fitri Handayani from Department of English Education, Indonesia University of Education with the title"TEACHING ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION USING FILM". In this post, I will share to you about the comparison between the first and second journal and share about the review from the second journal from the introduction until methodology. CHECK THIS OUT!!

The Comparison

Similarities between the first journal & second journal.

Between Journals 1 & 2 discuss improving student’s pronunciation ". Then, the respondents of this research are from Indonesian students in the first grade of senior high school. Then, students in Indonesia are still having difficulty learning the target language, especially English. Because they still think that language is a foreign language. One of the most difficult problems that occur during pronunciation teaching and learning processes. Most of them feel difficult when they pronounce English words.

Differences between the first journal & second journal.

The two journals are different in terms of methods. Junal 1 uses film while journal 2 uses Communicative Drilling Technique. Then, it's different in the method. The first journal uses a quantitative method while the second journal uses percentages. the procedures of both journals are also different. The first journal, the research procedure is quasi-experimental, which is the pre-test non-equivalent. The second journal, the procedures for research are cycle I, cycle II, and cycle III. Each cycle consists of planning, acting, observing and reflecting and evaluating. Then there are differences in school selection. The first Journal in Senior Private High Schools in Bandung, West Java. The second journal in National Senior High School, South Bengkulu. The last difference in the first journal states that teaching pronunciation using film does not compare to usual English teaching while in the second journal pronunciation teaching can be more effective, and it can improve students' pronunciation achievement.

The Review

Introduction

The researcher in the introduction tells that One of the general objectives for foreign language teaching and learning is to teach the learner to be mastered in oral or written communication in the target language they learn. In Indonesia, there are many problems that learners have when they deal with pronunciation. It is very common that many foreign language learners have problems in teaching and learning process. In South Bengkulu, Indonesia, there are about five local languages. That is why it is difficult to teach pronunciation because the students are varied and they are all influenced by their own mother tongues.

Literature Review

1. The technique of teaching pronunciation 

There are some methods that are used in teaching English. One of them is the audio-lingual method. This method is very popular in the United States in 1950.  One of the techniques that are used in this technique in this method is drilling. In this case, the drilling technique involves or includes repetition, inflection, transformation and many others. On the other explanation, Senel (2006) stated that the drilling technique is very useful in teaching pronunciation because it can create correct and accurate pronunciation. Furthermore, he gave many forms of drilling techniques. They are:  

a. Word – association drill 

In this type of drilling, the teacher pronounces some vocabulary and the students repeat it or students are asked to practice. Then, the teacher writes down more vocabulary and the teacher pronounce English phonemes. After teacher pronounce one of the phonemes the students are asked to predict on what word the phonemes is base on the written words. 

b. Saturation In this type of drilling is suitable for all positions of the problematic sound for example sound /S/. It can be posited in:

Initial	Medial	Final
See	leasing	peace
Seep	pistol	niece
Seed	classic	purse
Sip	paucity	less

c. Mobility Drill

As Rochmis and Doob states (1970:29) in Senel (2006:122), mobility drill is very important aspects in pronunciation teaching. In this type, the teacher asks the student to find out as many as vocabularies that the words beginning with the same letter and then asks students to pronounce them.

d. Comparative Drill 

This type is almost the same as mobility drill but in this drill, one of the elements that we pronounce is placed in different position. In these types of drilling, it may be is confusing because to distinguish the sound students need good listening. 

e. Substitution Drill 

This type of drilling may be applied by substituting any sound instead of the other sound. Example: /t/ instead of / θ / or /d/ in place of / ð / and many more. Here are some exercises: 

a) This is thin (θɪn) 

b) Was it a brand/branch (brænd)/bræntʃ

C. Research question 

The research question in this research is how does drilling technique improve students’ pronunciation achievement of the first year students of Senior High School 07 South Bengkulu academic year 2011?2013? 

D. Method
The data is analyzed by using percentages.
E. Research procedure
The procedures of this research are cycle I, cycle II, and cycle III. Each cycle consists of planning, acting, observing and reflecting and evaluating. 

F. Data analyses procedure
The first researcher collected individual score at the end of cycles by giving a test to the students. And then, the researcher counted the students score into percentages by following students’ score interval.  

Teaching English Pronunciation Using Film (FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION)

Assalamualaikum wr.wb
In this post, I would like to share the Findings and Discussion in the journal that I've been found.

In findings and discussions, researchers used the quantitative method as follows.

 As can be seen in Table 1, the highest score of pre-test of the experimental class was 7.7 and the lowest score was 5.5 with an average of 6.5. And then, the highest score of post-test of the experimental class was 9.7 and the lowest score was 6.7 with an average of 8.9.

Table 2 shows that the score of pre-test and post-test of the control class showed the highest score on the pre-test was 7.4 and the lowest score was 5.6 with an average of 6.3. And then, the highest score on post-test was 9.2 and the lowest score was 6.5 with an average of 8.4.

Interview Result

Regarding the students’ response toward film which is used in teaching, it can be concluded that students’ response is excellent. Most of the students feel more motivated and enthusiastic about it. It could be seen on how they focus on the film during the learning session. At that moment, the students kept on watching, repeating the words and expression that happened from the film.

Hypothesis Test

There are two research questions in this research: (1) is the use of film effective in improving students’ pronunciation ability?, and (2) what is the students’ response toward film in improving their pronunciation? To answer the first question, the statistical hypothesis can

be seen as follows:

Ha: there is a significant difference between students’ achievement in improving pronunciation which is taught by using film.

H0: there is no significant difference between students’ achievement in improving pronunciation which is taught by using film

The criteria is used as follows:

- If t-test (t0) > t-table (tt) in significant degree of .05, H0 (null hypothesis) is rejected.

- If t-test (t0) < t-table (tt) in significant degree of .05, H0 (null hypothesis) is accepted.

From the result of the calculation, it shows that the value of tt with df 58 in significance 5% is 1,673, while the value of t0 is 1,5. Since t0 score is lower than tt score obtain from the result of calculating, so the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is rejected and the null hypothesis (H0) is accepted.

Teaching English Pronunciation Using Film (Method)

Assalamualaikum wr.wb
In this post I would like to continue part of my journal, and the part is method.

The research applies quantitative method which explains phenomena by collecting numerical data that are analyzed using mathematically based method (Aliaga and Gunderson, 2002, p.1). The research design is quasi-experimental, which is pre-test post-test non equivalent design. The research was conducted in one of Private Senior High Schools in Bandung, West Java. The reasons of choosing the school as the research site is because the school is relatively accessible. The classrooms selection were based on the discussion with the class teacher. The research was using two classrooms consist of the students of X Science 2 and X Social 2 with total 64 students. The students were observed during their English lesson.

The data collection on the paper researcher conducted in 2 ways, namely by doing tests that iclude pre test and post test and the last way is conducting interviews. 

Test

For test itself the researcher will be testing the ability of the students at pronouncing some vocabularies in the beginning of the research (pre-test) and in the end of the research (post-test). The students will be tested based on the three aspects; pronunciation, intonation, and stress. 

Pre-test 

The researcher provided pre-test for the students in the beginning of teaching to find out their English pronunciation mastery. The researcher prepared the script and selected vocabularies from the script. In this pre-test, the students’s pronunciation were recorded and they were asked to pronounce some words to gain score. The selected words are included in pronunciation aspects, such as: pronunciation (individual sound and combination sound), intonation (expression and level tone), and stress (simple words). 

Post-test

After the treatment, the students were also given the same words from pre-test. In this stage, the researcher also recorded the students’ pronunciation and took their final score. 

Interview 

The interview consists of five quetions to be answered. The interview is conducted to answer research question regarding students’ response toward film as teaching media to improve pronunciation ability.

Data Analysis 

To calculate the data, the researcher uses t-test formula adapted from Anas Sudijono’s book to find out whether there is significant difference between experimental class and control class. The t-test formula which is used in this research is as follows: 

After gaining the t-test, the researcher determines the level of significance at which Handayani, Teaching English pronunciation using film 198 will conduct the test of the null hypothesis. Coolidge (2000, p. 149) stated that stasticians are in nearly complete agreement that the starting level of the significance level should be p= .05 (the conventional level of significance). The conclusion is gained as follows: 

a) H0 is accepted if (t0) < (tt) in significant degree .05 

b) Ha is accepted if (t0) > (tt) in significant degree .05

Teaching English Pronunciation Using Film (Literature Review)

Assalamualaikum wr.wb

In this post I would like to share about the literature review from the journal that I've chosen.

Check this out!!

Literature Review 

In the literature review, the researcher gives several definitions, namely the definition of pronunciation, the definition of the genre, telling what an animated film is, giving the views of experts about teaching pronunciation using film. 

              1.  Pronunciation

   Researchers provide a definition of pronunciation according to Kristina, Diah, et al (cited in Pratiwi, 2012; p. 12), pronunciation is the act or manner of pronouncing words; utterance of speech. In other words, it can also be said that it is a way of speaking a word, especially a way that is accepted or generally understood. From the reseacher, Dyah Indri Fitri Handayani concluded that pronunciation is a way of speaking that is generally accepted and understood using the sounds of the language, correct stress, rhythm, and intonation.

               2. Film Genre to Education

   Genre is a French word meaning “kind”. It is a category for classifying films in terms of common patterns of form and content (Corrigen, 2001, p. 98). Researchers provide a definition according to Dirks, adventure films are exciting stories, with new experiences or exotic locales and are very similar to the action film genre, in that they are designed to provide an action-filled, energetic experience for the film viewer. Adventure films share many elements with other genres, such as: sci-fi, fantasy, and war films. Researchers tell that adventure films share many elements with other genres, such as: sci-fi, fantasy, and war films. Fantasy films are often in the context of imagination, dreams, or character hallucinations or in storytelling projections. Fantasy films often have magical, mythical, miracle, runaway and extraordinary elements. They may appeal to children and adults, depending on a particular film.

               3. Animated Film

   The researchers say that adventure films share many elements with other genres, such as: science fiction films, fantasy, and war. Fantasy films are often in the context of imagination, dreams, or character hallucinations or in storytelling projections. Fantasy films often have magical elements, myths, miracles, blurred and extraordinary. They may appeal to children and adults, depending on a particular film.

               4. Teaching Pronunciation Using Film

   Researchers say that teaching pronunciation is the most difficult thing to do but it is also the most important aspect.  Pronunciation has great importance because successful communication takes place only with proper pronunciation. Jahan (2011) stated that bad pronunciation of English will make people misunderstand the speaker easily and vice versa. In teaching pronunciation, carefully selected instructional materials play a major role. One of the suggested methods is the use of film strips. Giorgis and Johnson (1999, in Cornel, 2001; cited in Baluran, 2013) observed that since students encounter visual images and audio-materials in their daily lives and that they are required to constantly use and interpret these images and sounds as well as analyze and think critically about the importance of what they hear and see, the film and television are valuable materials for training and preparing them to perform their learning task. 

   It is important to choose films the students will feel motivated to watch. The researchers tellthat narrative films in particular use language to advance plot, define characters, establish mood, and simply tell us what is going on. In short, films provide an advantageous extension of the technologies of language acquisition that have been used to teach students the basics of English in elementary and high school.

    This could explain why the use of film in teaching English speaking skills should be encouraged.

Teaching English Pronunciation Using Film

Assalamualaikum wr.wb

Hi everyone, this is my first post in 2019! In this post I would like to share about my self-reflection International Journal. What will i share? I would like to share the format of the journal, a little explain the intorduction from the journal that I've chosen, and the reason why I choose this journal.

The general format of my journal consists of:
1. Title;
2. Abstract;
3. Introduction;
4. Literature Review;
5. Method
6. Discussion;
7. Conclusion;
8. References.

The introduction from the journal that I've chosen

Mastery of English has been problems to many Indonesian students. Even though English is a general foreign language taught in every school, most of Indonesian students are still anxious to communicate using English.  In Indonesia, the aim of teaching English, as adopted by the government, is to develop communicative competence of the learners (Tantri, 2013; p. 38). It is necessary to understand and comprehend pronunciation because pronouncing a language is a key aspect to comprehend and being comprehended. James (cited in Sabarish, 2014) stated that audio-visual aids are any device which can be used to make the learning experience more concrete, more realistic and more dynamic. Film can be useful media to Handayani, Teaching English pronunciation using film 195 teach some skills in English including pronunciation. The use of film is aimed to improve the students’ pronunciation ability in interesting way. It is also a familiar medium for students to keep their interest in theories and concept (Champoux&Anderson, 2007; p. 15).  in tthe journal, the researcher try to use film as media to teach chosen students in pronunciation and find out how effective it could be. 

The reason why I choose this journal.

The reason I chose the journal was because I was interested only by reading the title. As is known, learning pronuciation is not an easy thing for Indonesian students. I want to read more about the journal because I want to know whether the use of film to learn pronunciation is effective to use. Because, I also learning how to pronounce English words well.

source
Kompas.com with the title "Guide to Writing a Scientific Journal",